高一英语反意疑问句知识点汇总(一)
反意疑问句用法归纳
一、反意疑问句的一般情况
1.当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。(也可以按语法一致原则用单数。)
2.当陈述部分以one不定代词做主语时,附加问句的主语在正式常场用one,非正式场合用he。
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的主语用it。(是those, these则用they)
4.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,附加问句的主语用 it。
5.陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等,附加疑问句的动词要用肯定形式。
6.如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理,附加疑问句应用否定形式。
二、常见句型的反意疑问句
7.当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there。
8.感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句。
9.祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题
A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you。
B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。
C) Let开头的祈使句要注意:
1.Let’s 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反意疑问句往往用shall we。
2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方允许做某事的含义,let 有allow的意思。附加疑问部分用will you。
3. Let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may I。
三、复合句的反意疑问句
10.当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是, 当陈述部分的主语是:I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时,附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语,谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
11.当陈述部分是I’m sure that,;we are sure;I’m afraid that;We are sure that;I feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。
12.当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。
四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句
13.陈述部分中有have一词,且表示“所有”含义时,附加疑问句部分既可用have也可用do。
14.陈述部分中有have to,附加疑问句部分用do。
15.含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
16.陈述部分有used to,附加疑问句部分可用used 也可以用did 。
17.陈述部分有needn’t时,附加疑问句部分用need但有时也可用must。
18.陈述部分有must,且表示“必须”,附加疑问句部分用mustn‘t,如果表示“必要”则用needn’t。
19.陈述部分中是mustn’t表示“禁止”时,附加疑问句部分用must。
陈述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分而是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定。
2 0.陈述部分是I wish, 表询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I。
21.弄清陈述句中的’d rather = would rather;’d better = had better附加疑问句部分前者用would,后者用had。 其它特殊结构的反意疑问句
22.陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时,附加疑问句在强调整体时用they,当作个别时用he。
23.陈述部分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做并列主语,附加疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
24.陈述部分是:I’m ....结构,附加疑问句一般用aren’t I?
25. 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
26. 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
27. 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
28. 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
高一英语反意疑问句知识点汇总(二)
附加疑问句
热点一、 祈使句后的附加疑问句。
1. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,_______.
A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall we
2. —Alice, you feed the bird today,______?
—But I fed it yesterday. (NMET 1999)
A. do you B. will you C. didn’t you D. don’t you
3. Be sure to write to us,_______? (NMET 1993)
A. will you B. aren’t you C. can you D. mustn’t you
4. Don’t smoke in the meeting-room, ______? (NMET 1991)
A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you
5. It is a fine day. Let’s go fishing, ______? (NMET 1990)
A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we
【解析】 1. C2. B3. A4. B5. D。在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用will you, won’t you, would you等。但是,以let’s开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shall we;以let us开头的祈使句,含义不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用will you。例如:
Let’s have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?
Let us go out for a rest, will you?
热点二、 There be 句型后的附加疑问句。
There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, ______?
A. wasn’t there B. was thereC. didn’t it D. did it
【解析】 A。当陈述句为there be结构时,附加疑问句也用there。
There’s no help for it, is there?
There’s something wrong, isn’t there?
热点三、 含有宾语从句的主从复合句中的附加问句。
A) 一般主从复合句:
1. He never said that he was good at mathematics, _______ ?
A. was he B. wasn’t heC. did he D. didn’t he
2. Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_______?
A. is he B. isn’t heC. doesn’t she D. does she
3. Brain told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time,_______?
A. was there B. wasn’t ther C. didn’t he D. did he
【解析】 1. C2. D3. C。当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。例如:
1. She says that I did it, doesn’t she?
2. I told them not everybody could do it,didn’t I?
B) 特殊主从复合句:
1. I’m sure you’d rather she went to school by bus,_______?
A. hadn’t you B. wouldn’t you C. aren’t I D. didn’t she
2. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer______? (上海2001)
A. do I B. will they C. don’t I D. won’t they
【解析】 1. B2. B。当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如: 1) I find English very interesting, don’t you?2) I don’t like that film, do you?但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移的特殊情况。
I suppose that he’s serious, isn’t he?
I don’t think she cares, does she?
热点四、 动词、形容词含有否定前缀时的附加问句。
1. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,_______?
A. did they B. didn’t they C. did it D. didn’t it
【解析】 D。一般来讲,陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。例如:
Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
Few people know him, do they?
She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?
但是,如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么该陈述部分看作肯定句,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。例如:
He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?
Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he?
热点五、 谓语动词为have / had 时的附加问句。
Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,_______ she?
A. had B. did C. hadn’t D. didn’t
【解析】 D。此处had 无“有”的含义,故只可以用did 的形式,当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。例如:
You have a new bike, haven’t you(或don’t you)?
She doesn’t have any money in her pocket, does she?
热点六、 must have done / been表推测时的附加疑问句。
There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture,_______?
A. didn’t they B. don’t they C. mustn’t they D. haven’t they
【解析】 D。当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn’t。例如:
You must work hard next term, mustn’t you?
I must answer the letter, mustn’t I?
但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。具体说来,如果没有时间状语或for a long time之类状语时,就看成完成时;如果有明显的表示过去的时间状语如:last night/yesterday等,就看成一般过去式。例如:
You must have made a mistake, haven’t you?
They must have seen the film last week, didn’t they?
He must be in the library, isn’t he?